ABSTRACT
This chapter focuses on transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC1), TRPC3, TRPC5, and TRPC6 as they are prominently expressed in mesangial cells and podocytes in the kidney, and their renal function was at least initially characterized. A vast array of ion channels and transporters is known to be involved in the filtration, secretion, and reabsorption of electrolytes. Canonical or classical TRPC channels were the first cloned mammalian homologues of the originally discovered TRP channels in Drosophila melanogaster. Mesangial cells provide structural support for glomerular capillary loops and regulate capillary flow as well as the ultrafiltration surface. Expression of TRPC3 was detected in renal fibroblasts, podocytes, and cells of the distal convoluted tubules as well as the cortical and medullary collecting ducts. Focal segmental glomerular sclerosis typically entails massive proteinuria, hypertension, and nephrotic syndrome, eventually leading to end-stage renal disease both in children and in adults.
