ABSTRACT
This chapter presents methodology based on superstructure modeling and multiobjective optimization, where the main environmental impacts are quantified using life cycle assessment (LCA). This methodology is illustrated with the case study of a municipal wastewater treatment facility. The chapter presents a modeling methodology for decision in wastewater treatment and resource recovery systems in order to arrive at wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) designs that are both environmentally sustainable and economically viable, namely enviroeconomic optimization. It illustrates a superstructure modeling and optimization methodology, which addresses some of the limitations. The chapter presents a systematic optimization-based methodology for incorporating LCA alongside economic criteria into a multiobjective optimization methodology for the synthesis of sustainable WWTPs. This methodology relies on surrogate models as a means for overcoming the limitation of current global optimization technology, which does not allow for optimizing complex plant configurations all in a single step.
