ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses the considerations one should make when examining live large animals as part of a forensic investigation. Photographs of each animal and body condition scoring using published guides are part of the minimum database that should be included in the medical notes and forensic investigation documents. If possible, a hands-on, complete physical examination should be performed as well. In addition to the physical examination findings, the animal's behavior, attitude, and awareness of its surroundings should be recorded. The "outside in" principle applies to forensic examinations of large animals. Before focusing on the individual animals, one should evaluate their living conditions and the overall environment in which the animals reside. The environment should be free of hazardous materials, and fencing for pastures or other enclosures should be of sufficient size and durability to secure livestock inside the enclosures and limit predator access to commonly predated species such as poultry and small ruminants.
