This chapter considers the complex origins of the concept of the creative city in the late 1980s to early 1990s and some of the ways in which it has evolved and been applied since then. It explains how the idea of the creative city evolved in several overlapping research and policy circles and provides readers a much better awareness of its historical specificity. Explaining this historical context will help in understanding the origins of the creative city idea and its various interpretations, permutations and critiques. Moreover, by analysing the further development of the idea, the chapter discusses its continued usefulness, even in times when certain historical developments pose a serious threat to its future implementation. It is concerned with this goal in mind: using historical reflection to critically question and reconceptualise urban policy and in the near future. The chapter explores the concept of 'cultural planning' and its potential usefulness to revitalise the idea of the creative city.