ABSTRACT
This chapter examines the main challenges to development and democracy from a Latin American perspective. It describes the following key "matters arising" after the long night of neoliberalism: growth, equity, sustainability, and governance. The chapter also examines export specialization in Latin America in 2000, and explores to what extent the main export represents a very considerable proportion of the total. It posits two main axes against which to "place" alternative strategies of Latin America: a horizontal one based on a greater or lesser degree of economic growth and a vertical one based on a greater or lesser degree of sustainability. The impact of the Trump regime in the US may yet create the conditions for a re-emergence of national/popular/regionalist governments in Latin America. The new right regimes were confident of a Clinton victory and the consolidation of a free trade block in the Americas.
