ABSTRACT
The term “fitness” is colloquially used for a variety of concepts. Most commonly, people refer to a person’s physical fitness or appearance when using the word “fit” or “fitness”. The conceptualization of fitness presented here is ascribed to a relational fitness construct. Fitness refers to adaptations of the human being as a biopsychosocial system to his fields of living and acting. Social fitness entails facets such as social competence and emotional intelligence and refers to the potential of an individual to manage social tasks or social demands in interindividual actions. The description of resilience, self-efficacy, mental toughness, self-regulation, emotional stability, and reinvestment has shown that these facets depict personality factors of the potential for mental resilience. Mental fitness as a dimension of a holistic fitness concept, which stands in reference to the human as a biopsychosocial system, refers as a relational construct to an adjustment in the action situation as a person–environment–task constellation.
