ABSTRACT
This chapter aims to review the central neurobiological structures and functions that are necessary for motor control and the central theories, frameworks, and associated concepts that have been developed over the last century. The central nervous system comprises the brain and the spinal cord and is the hierarchically organized master command in motor control. Numerous neurobiological studies have allowed researchers to map structural and functional neural networks of sensorimotor information processing with very high precision. The idea of a motor programme implies that an internal image or model of an action and the steps necessary to complete that action are programmed prior to its execution. Motor control is the ability to direct movements in a given environment and for a given task. The highest processing level of motor control is located in the cerebral cortex and is processed in motor and sensory cortical brain areas, such as the motor cortex, the somatosensory cortex, and the visual cortex.
