ABSTRACT
Alzheimer's Disease (AD)-related alterations detected by Diffusion Tensor Imaging appeared significantly more diffused than what could be uncovered using voxel-based morphometry, and reached beyond the medial temporal lobe, demonstrating a higher sensitivity in detecting ultrastructural white matter degeneration. Technical advances have paved the way for a multimodal framework of AD biomarkers, including both biochemical and imaging markers. Different sets of criteria have been recently proposed for diagnosing AD in subjects with mild cognitive impairment: the International Working Group (IWG)-1, IWG-2 , and the National Institute of Ageing-Alzheimer Association criteria. Notably, progresses in understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying various paths toward AD pathogenesis have begun to provide new insights for interventions to modify the progression of the disease. The evolving information gained from multidisciplinary basic and translational research has begun to identify new concepts for treatments and distinct classes of therapeutic targets, as well as putative disease-modifying compounds being tested in clinical trials.
