ABSTRACT
Wireless communications has expanded significantly, with an annual increase of cellular subscribers averaging about 40% worldwide. Depending on wireless positioning, geography information systems (GIS), application middleware, application software, and support, the location-based service (LBS) is in use in every aspect of our lives. This chapter provides estimation of position-related parameters (or data collection) and introduces cellular network fundamentals. It discusses the cellular network, including fundamentals and cellular LBSs and shows the location precision of the systems. With respect to different criteria, positioning and positioning infrastructures can be classified into several kinds. In all these kinds, integrated and stand-alone positioning infrastructures, terminal and network-based positioning, as well as satellite, cellular, and indoor infrastructures are the most common distinctions. Network-based location technology is based on some existing networks (either cellular or WLAN) to determine the position of a mobile station by measuring its signal parameters when received from the network base stations.
