ABSTRACT
J. M. Unvala was primarily an Iranian scholar and his commentary on the fasl is oriented primarily in that direction. He was on weaker ground when dealing with Central Asiatic and especially Turkish topics: and this fact, together with the lapse of nearly 40 years since Unvala prepared his article, warrants a reconsideration of the brief section on Central Asia in the light of more researches. The former word is certainly the origin of the Turkish title Sad, used in Orkhon Turkish for a rank bestowed on senior members of the royal family under the Qagan, and doubtless going back to late 6th century Turku usage. In Orkhon Turkish tegin meant "prince", the legitimate son of a Qagan, that is it was acquired by birth and not by grant of the sovereign. But as adult tegins often held administrative, viceregal, posts, the term became by degrees attached to an office and tegins were no longer necessarily the sons of Qagans.
