ABSTRACT
This chapter considers two of the major figures of the School of Salamanca in its entirety – perhaps the two major figures. The first is Domingo de Soto, a Dominican, belonging to the first generation of the School. The second is Francisco Suarez, a Jesuit, belonging to the later phase. The chapter examines the rights theory that find in Soto, in whose texts the Thomist premises are also clearly marked. Suarez's ethical system begins with a fundamental division within the universe of being between natural being and moral being – what he calls naturals and morals. Suarez's understanding of right as a moral liberty means that his natural city cannot be based upon right. Suarez instead returned to the authentic Thomist-Aristotelian premise that 'man is a social animal and naturally or properly desires to live in a community.'
