ABSTRACT
The principles of justice for institutions must not be confused with the principles which apply to individuals and their actions in particular circumstances. This chapter defends the contrary view: all fundamental normative principles that apply to the design of institutions apply also to the conduct of people. It argues that any plausible overall political/moral view must, at the fundamental level, evaluate the justice of institutions with normative principles that apply also to people's choices. Rawls's division-of-labor argument explicitly links dualism to the attractiveness of a less intrusive, and in that sense less demanding, theory of justice; the chapter endorses the importance of the division of labor for the issue of demands but rejected the connection with dualism. The ideal of the division of labor thus provides no support one way or the other for the view that principles of justice apply exclusively to the design of institutions.
