ABSTRACT
Arctic science diplomacy, historically and today, illustrates the potential of science for diplomacy (scientific cooperation contributing to diplomatic relations) to maintain Track II dialogue during the Russian–West crisis and for regional governance to adapt to the global change of power transition from West to East with the rise of China. Arctic international politics and security reflect the international system over time and in the present day. The region is characterized by a relatively high level of scientific activity, which is particularly expensive and therefore invites international cooperation. The Arctic is thus a useful region in which to observe science diplomacy, and the foreign-policy use of science for general international research and policy lessons.
