ABSTRACT
Drawing on large-scale cross-national surveys of the European second generation, this chapter examines the religious and civic belonging of native-born Muslims in different cities: Frankfurt, Berlin, Antwerp, Brussels, Rotterdam, Amsterdam and Stockholm. How do they construct their religious identities; how do they combine religious and civic identities; and do they engage as citizens in the political life of their cities? Religious identities varied across urban contexts, with more strict ways of being Muslim and more conflicting religious and civic identifications in less accommodating urban contexts, such as Frankfurt or Antwerp. Across cities and ethnic groups (Moroccans and Turks), however, second-generation Muslims were politically informed and engaged at the local level and roughly on a par with non-Muslim residents. We conclude that cities play a key role in the religious life and the civic integration of European Muslims.
