ABSTRACT
In this chapter, we explore the motivations for and the outcomes of sending children abroad for schooling or socialization. We are particularly interested in the role Islam plays in this practice, both as a motivating force for parents, and as a “product” of stays abroad from the young people’s perspectives. Does staying abroad result in a stronger Muslim identity, as the parents may have intended, and if so, what are the implications in terms of integration? The main empirical analysis is based on in-depth interviews with children and parents of Somali and Pakistani background in Norway, as well as in Pakistan, Somalia and Kenya. Our findings indicate reflexive and ongoing identification processes among children and young people who spend time abroad. Contrary to the assumption that the more time young people spend in their parents’ country of origin, the more influenced they are by that culture and religion, we find that exposure to conditions “there” may also bring children closer to Norway, while at the same time allowing them to establish new emotional links to their parents’ homeland. Moreover, the outcomes of the practice for the children are likely to be influenced by the opportunity structures available upon return.
