ABSTRACT
Donetsk is a comparatively young city for the Old World. It began as the settlement of Iuzovka in 1870, founded by John Hughes, a Welsh industrialist who had been invited by the Russian government to develop a metallurgical complex that would provide iron, steel, and above all, rails for Russia’s developing railway system. Throughout its 125-year history, as it grew from 164 souls in 1874 to well over 1 million in 1989, the city of Donetsk and indeed the entire surrounding region have remained centered on the coal mines and steel mills that made them the hub of Russia’s late industrial revolution. 1
