ABSTRACT
This chapter addresses the Central Asian Conference on Literary Translation, Nikolai Chukovskii, himself a translator, referred to poetic translation as "The Tenth Muse": Ancient Greeks had nine Muses based on different kinds of art. It also addresses the complex ideological underpinnings of Soviet-era translations, as well as the significant translation debates that surrounded the restructuring of the field. Translators must also possess a broad and deep knowledge of translation traditions in the translating language and culture that is a historical grasp of theoretical concepts and practical strategies. Summarizing critical debates on translation in the 1930s—1950s, Andrei Azov points out that "translation that violates the poetics of the original wins in this epoch". The "school" approach emerged at a particular juncture between the author-translator tradition, which was typical for pre-revolutionary times, and the ideologically and institutionally controlled translation field of the Soviet era.
