ABSTRACT
Skin rashes may be caused by the following broad categories of mechanisms: local or systemic infection; inflammation; neoplasia; and miscellaneous causes. Although dermatology is predominantly an outpatient specialty, a small number of skin conditions may cause life-threatening systemic upset due to widespread failure of the skin to perform its essential functions, including thermoregulation and protection from infection. Generic management includes regular monitoring of fluid balance and core temperature, the application of topical emollients, analgesia and the use of pressure-relieving or foam mattresses. Drugs that may have precipitated the episode should be withdrawn. The diagnosis of skin rashes largely relies on experience and pattern recognition. As the number of possible skin rashes is vast, the reader is referred to specialised dermatology textbooks for detailed descriptions and photographs of the various conditions that may be encountered.
