ABSTRACT
This chapter introduces the argument for considering single-case methods as a valid scientific strategy within the current context of the dominance of the randomised controlled trial and ‘big’ data. The various uses of case studies are examined: as a tool for learning both clinical and research skills, as a means of demonstrating clinical competence and as a clinical research strategy. A funnel model of case data, which identifies types of measures available and their interplay with the timing of observations, is outlined and the main quantitative focus of the book is described. In single-case research, quantitative data are drawn from systematic planned observations. The chapter introduces the essential components of internal, external and data analytic validity in study design. Methods for selecting and tailoring measures to the person and strategies for data analysis are introduced. These are the building blocks for later chapters.
