ABSTRACT
This chapter explains about characteristics of typical and atypical development and procedures for clinical interviewing. It recognizes symptoms of most common DSM-5 disorders in youth. The chapter focuses attention on disorders most commonly diagnosed by counselors who work with children and adolescents: anxiety disorders; depressive disorders; trauma- and stressor-related disorders; and disruptive behavior and conduct disorders. Anxiety disorders appear to be most common mental disorder, leading some professionals to consider anxiety disorders "common cold" of mental disorders. The chapter explores separation anxiety disorder, selective mutism, specific phobia, social anxiety disorder, panic disorder, agoraphobia, and generalized anxiety disorder. For all anxiety disorders in youth, typical treatment consists of combination of cognitive, behavioral, and parenting interventions. Counselors should be aware of four depressive disorders in youth: disruptive mood dysregulation disorder, major depressive disorder, persistent depressive disorder, and premenstrual dysphoric disorder. The chapter describes reactive attachment disorder (RAD), disinhibited social engagement disorder (DESD), posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), acute stress disorder, and adjustment disorders.
