ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses the impacts of trauma and other stressful life experiences on children and adolescents. During child and adolescent development, healthy behavior can be modeled and nurtured by supportive families, peers, and community involvement. The chapter describes risk and protective factors. The memory box can be visited whenever the child wants to reconnect with the loved one and items can be removed or added at any time. Victims of or witnesses to violence are at risk of the same outcomes as other trauma survivors, including decreased academic performance, mental health issues such as depression and anxiety, and substance abuse. Child abuse is commonly understood as physical or emotional battery, or sexual contact that results in harm to a child, while neglect is a deliberate failure to provide care that is typically required by children of that age. Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is highly prevalent and viewed as a significant adolescent social problem.
