ABSTRACT

Judicial education has greatly expanded in common law countries in the past 25 years. More recently it has become a core component in judicial reform programs in developing countries with gender attentiveness as an element required by donor agencies. In civil law jurisdictions like France, judges’ schools have long played a role in the formation of the career judiciary with a focus on entry to the judicial profession and in-service education. In Germany judges get an intensive in-service education at judicial academies. Gender questions, however, tend to be neglected in the curricula.