ABSTRACT
Given the possibility of Security Council paralysis, the question arises whether other actors have responsibilities to enforce R2P in ongoing situations and, if so, by which means?
So-called targeted or smart sanctions,which serve to restrict the availability of resources for persons and entities responsible for ongoing atrocities, are gaining in popularity among states and regional organizations.30 Such sanctions, including the ‘restrictions on arms, police equipment,mercenaries,finances, and travel, are often seen as attractive alternatives tomore forceful measures’.31 Thesemeasures are the preferred response by the Security Council to new threats to international security.32 The approach of the Al Qaida Sanctions Committee, established in 1999, has been followed by several otherswith amandate to target people and entities involved in atrocities in internal conflicts, among them, Sudan, Democratic Republic of Congo, Côte d’Ivoire, Libya, Central African Republic and Yemen. The restrictive measures include asset freeze and arms embargoes as well as travel bans.33
