ABSTRACT
This chapter describes historical developments that have been most important in shaping current trends in transatlantic energy security. It argues that transatlantic energy security relations since the end of World War II have been shaped by ever increasing interdependence, marked by repeated challenges or crises in the equilibrium of the international energy order. The concept of what comprises energy security in general and transatlantic energy security in particular, has changed over time. Of significant importance is that the international energy order created in the wake of World War II encouraged interdependence; indeed it was built into the system, in order to avoid economic depression, political uncertainty, and global conflict. The difficulty for the transatlantic partners was how to balance nationalist colonialist interests while ensuring stability of supply. The potential for supply disruptions, and the fear that these would make the transatlantic partners vulnerable to Soviet aggression, led to increased transatlantic interdependence and cooperation.
