ABSTRACT
This chapter describes some of the mitigation and adaptation entry points and challenges for city-relevant planning and policy-making posed by the processes defining urban greenhouse gas emissions, vulnerabilities and adaptive capacities. Urban centres are key sources of greenhouse gases (GHGs). A growing number of scholars have explored how carbon and climate issues are governed at the urban level. Regardless of whether these approaches focus on mitigation or adaptation, however, more attention needs to be paid to the key dimensions and determinants of urban emissions and vulnerabilities to climate change. An understanding of the sources and drivers of urban GHG emissions is of utmost importance for planning and action for three reasons. Climate variability and change have a variety of implications for urban dwellers, economic sectors and on the network-infrastructures that define the materiality of urban centres, such as energy, waste water and transport systems.
