Settler colonization carries intensive geographical implications. Over time, some population movements have been planned by governments with particular geo-visions, and such actions can be titled as being prescribed. By way of contrast, others can be described as permissive, in that population movements have been more haphazard in their motivation and have come ‘from below’ and from within communities. Irrespective of their origins, some settler movements have been so robust that they have smothered pre-existing territorial structures, as apparently did the Arab and Berber conquest of many parts of Iberia.