ABSTRACT
This chapter explains that the Brazilian electricity sector and the environmental and water resources managers of Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul and of the Federal government is aware of the fragility of the Pantanal ecosystem regarding hydrological alterations. It describes the Brazilian Pantanal hydrography and flow data availability. The chapter discusses the spatio-temporal limnologic variations of the rivers of Upper Paraguay River Basin (UPRB), considering the physical and chemical aspects and the comparison with the quality standards adequate for the water uses established in the Brazilian legislation. It explores the National Water Resources Plan to support the Water Resources Policy and the Brazilian commitments for the Millennium Development Goals and the Johannesburg Plan of Implementation of the World Summit on Sustainable Development. In order to sustainably manage the water resources, Brazil adopted the watershed as the management unity.
