ABSTRACT
Introduction Conventionally, corruption is understood and referred to as the private wealthseeking behavior of someone who represents the state and the public authority or as the misuse of public goods by public officials for private benefits. This issue has to some extent entered the political and economic sciences from the new interest in the role of the state in the developing world, and in particular from the idea that the state is an indispensable instrument for economic development. There is now much consensus on the relevance of an efficient state in economic development (UNECA, 2011). The World Bank (1997) stated that
an effective state is vital for the provision of the goods and services and the rules and institutions that allow markets to flourish and people to live healthier, happier lives. Without it, sustainable development, both economic and social is impossible.
