ABSTRACT
The first international activities addressing climate change might be dated back to 1972 to the UN Conference on Human Environment in Stockholm. The negotiations addressing an international climate regulation framework beyond 2020 continued in the annual United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Conferences of the Parties. The treatment of international aviation and maritime emissions was a real issue in the Kyoto process as these two industry sectors do not fit in the design scope of the Protocol, which allocates the responsibility for emissions or emissions reduction to single states. Traditionally, the environment-oriented activities of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) were based on technical analysis and then developed to standards, guidance and policies. The International Air Transport Association has been active from the very beginning in supporting ICAO in its environment-related activities. For international aviation, a global system would be the most effective and efficient system to control and reduce emissions, far better than any regional or local system.
