ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses whether the problems of education-job mismatch often found among migrants also apply to cross-border commuters and once more compare them to migrants, internal commuters and non-commuters. It analyses cross-border commuting in the European Union (EU) 27 using data from the European Labour Force Survey (ELFS). The chapter argues that cross-border commuters as well as migrants from EU15 countries do not have higher over- and lower under-education rates than workers working and living in their region of residence. In all NMS12 countries, except for Slovakia, more than 70 per cent of all cross-border out-commuters go to EU15 countries. According to OECD high education levels are required from legislators, senior officials and managers, as well as professionals and technicians and associate professionals. According to the International Labour Organization (ILO) measurement, the under-education rate among internal commuters is 26.0 per cent and the over-education rate is 6.0 per cent and only 0.1 per cent higher than among non-commuters.
