ABSTRACT
During the course of the past 25-30 years, people witnessed an increasing complexity of the issues associated with defense and international security in global terms. The increasing complexity is attributed to the acceleration of globalization and the deepening of global interdependence, as well as a relative erosion of the role of the national state as the predominant motivator of social life, in light of the financial and debt crisis, a notable revival of a more active attitude is shown in nation states. South America, from the lens of international security and defense, has two delimited regions with their own characteristics: the Andean region and the Southern Cone. It finds itself impacted by more active conflicts in conventional terms, due to the recent development of situations of instability and political confrontation, the existence of conflict situations tied to the development of organized crime and the necessity to attend and incorporate social sectors and territorial zones into the development of the nations.
