ABSTRACT
This chapter focuses on the challenges ahead for female immigrant entrepreneurs. Understanding how obstacles and challenges were overcome by long-term immigrants in receiving countries that were popular destinations 30 and 40 years ago can add to our understanding of the process and guidance needed for the development of favorable policy frameworks. The chapter also focuses on Recommendations for Further Research and Policy Considerations. For researchers and policy-makers alike, this cross-national study reinforces the reality that no single universal approach is available to enhance success for female immigrant entrepreneurship. Specific economic data on female immigrant entrepreneurship is difficult to come by but what data does exist suggests that immigrant enterprise activities in urban areas have been a significant driver for their economic growth. By going deeper into the microeconomic climates of the different urban regions, as well as expanding into suburban and rural areas beyond them, we get a better picture at the key cultural, educational, governmental, and societal forces.
