This chapter analyses a very significant case study on the economic and political profitable use of a natural disaster with devastating consequences on the health of local population, on corruption and on the growth of organized criminality connected to all sort of affairs. It examines a fairly small and less notorious area of the Campania region. Over the course of many years, the Campania region of Italy has been exposed to all sorts of environmental devastation by both national and international powers. The province of Avellino, also called Irpinia, lies beyond the Neapolitan city boundaries and rises above the Campania plains. The earthquake of 23 November 1980 had a decisive role in the definition of economic, urban, social and political structures. For many years, the Isochimica industry, based in Avellino, played an important part in a serious nationwide problem: the disposal of the asbestos that had been an integral part of many railway carriages.