ABSTRACT
This chapter describes the possible negative outcomes of Heavy Work Investment (HWI), presented HWI major subtypes, and dealt with the challenge it poses for individuals, their families, workplaces, and society alike. Raphael Snir and Itzhak Harpaz, who introduced the concept of HWI, maintain that both long hours and heavy effort are its core dimensions. Workaholism has been found to be positively correlated with stress and health complaints, burnout; and negatively related to life satisfaction. Therefore, global organizations should encourage awareness of and respect for cultural variations concerning HWI namely; polycentric or at least geocentric HRM policies should be adopted, in spite of the temptation to utilize an ethnocentric policy. Data from the 1997 International Social Survey Programme show that a majority of US employees prefer to work a different number of hours than they actually work. According to Circadian, production shutdowns and productivity losses caused by worker fatigue costs the US economy approximately $55 billion annually.
