ABSTRACT
This chapter explores housing from a complex adaptive systems perspective and focuses on physical and institutional design as informed by theories of resilience and adaptive co-management. It builds on research into challenges for innovation in developing, designing, building and occupying households with the dual aims of sustainability and affordability. Cohousing emerged as a design philosophy and practice in northern Europe in the 1970's. Traditionally Community Land Trusts (CLTs) have been private, nonprofit organisations holding title to land for the purposes of affordable housing and community benefit. Community housing providers (CHPs) are currently receiving title transfers to stock such that the sector becomes the primary growth engine in social housing provision. Robert Silverman documented the impact of increasing size on community perception and development of community-based housing organisation (CBHOs) in the United States. The adoption of relatively expansive boundaries diluted the access of low-income, minority residents to decision-making in the organisations.
