ABSTRACT
This conclusion presents some closing thoughts on the key concepts discussed in the preceding chapters of this book. The book explains that road to successful nation-building is long, contested and can be riddled with disruption. Firstly, that people understand national identity in the same way and, secondly, that national identity is crystallised. Nation-building can thus be seen as a process but a process that has no formal end and is based on ever changing markers, perceptions and measures that are put forward by a potentially unlimited number of actors. Declaring loyalty to state decisions while not complying with state instructions have been shown it is an effective way of renegotiating policies. The competition between national languages in post-Soviet spaces is an example, with national languages being sometimes unofficially marginalised. Some pointed at the fact that measures tackling the Muslim community were to be taken, prompting the reaction of the Muslim community.
