This chapter discusses the history of China's involvement in the Korean Peninsula marks its fall and rise of China as a great power. For three years China had hosted the six-party talks in Beijing in an effort to stabilize the Korean peninsula and restore its status as nuclear free. The growing intimacy of China with the Republic of Korea both economically and politically as well as the corresponding but largely unconnected deterioration of the Sino-Japanese relationship, would argues that the single most important factor has been China's changing views of its international role, and in particular, its turn towards multilateral engagement that became increasingly obvious at the beginning of the new millennium. While China had originally remained aloof in 1994 by the late 1990s China was expressing support for the Agreed Framework and responded positively to the United States (US) proposal to convene four-party peace talks to replace the Korean Armistice with a permanent peace treaty.