ABSTRACT
This chapter explores the responses of the inhabitants of Bosnia-Herzegovina to questions about their ethnic and state belonging in terms of the groups and institutions with which they identify. It is based on the results of the 2011 survey of 1,518 respondents in Bosnia-Herzegovina, conducted by the IPSOS Strategic Marketing agency and funded by the Norwegian Research Council. The census of Bosnia-Herzegovina recognizes only three 'real' national' categories, while the rest of citizens are called 'others', and can declare themselves as Bosnians, Jews, Ruthenians, or mention some other category. Several studies have documented the negative role played by religious institutions in the nationalist war-mongering, and their close affiliation with nationalist political parties in Bosnia-Herzegovina. The Army of Republika Srpska has created its own saint's day, St Vid, which is also the day of the commemoration of the Kosovo Battle. The Catholic clergy in Bosnia-Herzegovina also endorsed the war effort as a trial for the Croat religious identity.
