Chinese nationalism is regarded as a key motivator of Chinese foreign policy. While its influence should not be exaggerated, anyone who has a sophisticated understanding of the operation of the various kinds of Chinese nationalism is in a strong position to understand more or less half of the truth of Chinese foreign policy. This chapter will analyze the complex intersection between nationalism and foreign policy in China, beginning with an overview of the rise of Chinese nationalism and discussion of the relationship between state and popular nationalism. It will then assess the impact of nationalism on Chinese foreign policy in some key areas, such as China’s quest for international status. In the final section the chapter will consider some future prospects for the relationship between Chinese nationalism and foreign policy.