ABSTRACT

When in the 1470s the artist of the Florentine Picture Chronicle depicted the sorcerer Hostanes – a follower of Zoroaster – (see Figure 29.1), he had no doubts that the magician should appear in the guise of an oriental wise man inside a magic circle with several burning censers, invoking demons, book in hand, with some of the demons and evil creatures around also holding books and rolls. 1