ABSTRACT
These forms of extramural knowledge production are assigned notably different epistemological statuses by academics (Figure 1). Whereas amateur scientists are usually given credit for their discoveries, indigenous knowledge is typically viewed as static and as held, rather than as developed over time through painstaking research.6 The stature of extramural knowledge producers does seem to be growing, however, as academic legitimacy declines. In the following section I compare two increasingly visible types of extramural science: free-range science, a variant of commercial science, and citizen science.
