ABSTRACT
This chapter examines three examples of foresight exercises and discusses the kinds of institutional changes they led to, and the key elements of their success. It includes recommendations about the conditions for going from foresight to institutional innovation or policy-making. In the late 1990s, the foresight approach was not common in research programs, and it contributed to three types of innovations: new research projects, new research questions and methods, and new partnerships. Foresight is 'a systematic, participatory and multi-disciplinary approach to explore mid- to long-term futures and drivers of change'. The Agrimonde foresight exercise was launched in 2006 by Cirad and Inra in order to build scenarios on how to adequately feed a population of nine billion individuals in 2050 while at the same time preserving the ecosystems. To improve decision-making for institutional innovation or policy-making, three recommendations are proposed.
