ABSTRACT
In contrast to static approaches, cluster policies that intend to sustain the long-term via-
bility of clusters would focus on supporting the adaptability and changes of a cluster. This
not only requires knowledge about the functioning of clusters, but also about the patterns
that are connected with their emergence, growth, decline and transformation. Future
research would further disentangle the mechanisms and ways of how state actions affect
clusters, from regulatory frameworks via supporting institutions to direct involvement.
