ABSTRACT
This chapter provides some transnational initiatives for climate cooperation. The global governance literature finds ample empirical evidence for emerging transnational environmental agreements (TEAs). The chapter puts together some selected and documented empirical observations of transnational environmental agreements, and summarizes relevant publications from the global governance literature. Climate clubs can be understood as 'Club-like arrangements between states that share common climate-related concerns, and sometimes in partnership with non-state actors such as companies and Non-Governmental Organizations'. International environmental agreements with a focus on climate agreements have been analysed in the economic literature since the 1990s. This has led to the development of various models that serve as a starting point for the analysis of TEAs. Climate clubs offer an opportunity to cooperate in more than one agreement at the same time. Cities can form alliances in which they agree to mitigate greenhouse gases; the effectiveness of such TEAs will depend on the political influence cities have on national governments.
