ABSTRACT
This chapter is concerned with survival of paternalism effects on conditions of labour. Mr. R. L. Hill is chiefly concerned with English politics, but his proposition can be amply illustrated from Scottish industry. The entrepreneur at first tended to continue or to imitate the devices and conventions of the agricultural regime. Apart from traditional influences, the fact that new industries often sprang up rapidly in rural areas, lacking alike the amenities of town life and the care of efficient public authorities, almost enforced "welfare activities" upon employers. The chapter describes the prevalence of paternalist methods well into the nineteenth century under the heads of factory conditions and welfare activities, truck, medical and educational services, and the provision of housing accommodation. The provision of accommodation was regarded as part of the contract of service in Fife so late as 1892; most of the tenants paid rent, the houses being sometimes owned and sometimes leased by the colliery.
