ABSTRACT
This chapter focuses on rural-urban migrations between world regions. It defines as the global convergence of prices and business cycles that started after the Napoleonic Wars, whereas the thin' variant pertains to the early modern period, which was characterized by global connections with low velocity and low intensity. The chapter considers partial globalization in order to examine the globalizing effects of violent and peaceful pilgrimages, warfare slave raiding and merchant activities connecting North Africa, South Asia and the Near East and Europe in the second part of the Middle Ages. It limits itself to the most recent millennium, following the widely used approach of Held et al., who define globalization as the sustained connection between different parts of the world in terms of intensity, impact, extensity and velocity. It follows the cross-cultural migration rate (CCMR) method, which was developed as a means of systematically comparing migrations over cultural boundaries in different parts of the world over longer periods.
