ABSTRACT
This chapter states that the study of racial and ethnic minorities can be reframed, not simply as a struggle for civil rights and social recognition but fundamentally as a struggle for human rights. Moving forward in an era witnesses to increase transnational flows of capital, information, and even people as sociologists incorporate a rights-based paradigm to understand the evolution of racial and ethnic minorities. It also focuses on the movement's goals that relate to political and economic rights - the right to vote, the right to equal housing and schooling, the right to work, and so forth. Little scholarship focuses on the emphasis of movement towards recognizing blacks in America as humans worthy of dignity, justice, and other human rights as defined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Identity studies in the twenty-first century redirect focus toward how human rights organizations, instruments, and movements allow different ethnic and racial backgrounds to achieve rights across the board.
