ABSTRACT
Law and justice, as the basis of management, are primary conditions for continuity and permanence, and also the source of individual and social peace and security. In response to some problems of traditional public administration, most Western countries had changes in public sector since the 1980s. Developing countries have been trying to institutionalize these reforms also (Hughes 2014, 17–19). Although a traditional model of public administration dominated the twentieth century in general, the paradigm shift towards public management was experienced as a new era. It is assumed that new approaches started to appear in public institutions in the 1990s,1 and in the 2010s the institutional memory of the traditional model became invalid. Traditionally management follows instructions, and administration carries out work through control/audit mechanisms, a public authority, on the other hand; is responsible for achieving results. Public management, which is also known as new public management (NPM) may include different approaches. Change in public management is a fact. Large-scale public administration requires information of all individuals as to their role in society and the economy. It is argued that although traditional public management become out-of-date, new public management is also not a useful construct but governance will be substituted for all other models. Stakeholder interaction, interests of private enterprises, accountability to the public, focusing on the outside, fulfilling work with contracts, working together with the business world: for the public manager having to deal more with outside interests is the question (Hughes 2014, 19).
