ABSTRACT
This chapter deals with a discussion of additional causes for race/ethnic disparities in corrections and implications for those who are subjected to correctional supervision and/or incarceration. The most severe sanction that a juvenile court can dispense on youth is an outcome involving an out-home placement such as in a residential facility. The conflict approach is a more traditional theory of differential selection to understand why Blacks, and to some degree Hispanics, are overrepresented in both the juvenile and criminal justice systems and are the recipients of greater social control than Whites. The focal concerns perspective has also been applied as an organizational approach to explain why minorities receive more severe sentencing outcomes in the juvenile and adult justice system. An inquiry of parole decisions is offered by Huebner and Bynum who evaluated a sample of incarcerated offenders in a single state. The results reveal race/ethnic variation in parole decisions.
