ABSTRACT
Inmate violence and adaptations to prison life via the inmate code are depicted quite vividly in popular culture, including movies, television shows, and first-person accounts. The inmate code and prison culture is currently under studied in modern era. Much has changed in prisons and among offenders since the original inmate code and prison culture studies were published in the mid-twentieth century and it is not clear whether the classical literature applies to prisons and their inmates in contemporary times. Importation theory is another perspective on the development of the inmate code. Contrary to the deprivation model, importation theory suggests that inmate subcultures are brought into prison from the outside and that this culture is shaped by factors independent from the prison environment. The theoretical explanation of the inmate code takes a different viewpoint and is related to prison management and administrative actions. According to the management perspective, inmates' behavior in institutions depends on how the prison is controlled and governed.
